Cryoprotective Solution
DMSO, 2.0 ml
Fresh growth medium w/o bacteria, 8.0 ml

1. Mix the components in the order listed. When the medium is added to the DMSO the solution will warm up due to chemical heat.
2. Harvest cells from a culture that is at or near peak density by filtration and centrifugation at 800 x g for 5 min.
3. Adjust the concentratioin of cells to at least 2 x 10⁶/ml in fresh medium.
4. Mix the cell preparation and the 20% DMSO solution in equal portions. Thus, the final concentration will be 10⁶ -10⁷ cells/mL and 10% (v/v) DMSO.xa0 The time from the mixing of the cell preparation and DMSO cryprotective solution to the beginning of the freezing process should be no less than 15 minutes and no greater than 60 minutes.
5. Dispense in 0.5 ml aliquots into 1.0 - 2.0 ml sterile plastic screw-capped cryules (special plastic vials for cryopreservation).
6. Place vials in a controlled rate freezing unit. From room temperature cool at -1°C/min to -40°C. If freezing unit can compensate for the heat of fusion, maintain rate at -1 C/min through heat of fusion. At -40°C plunge ampules into liquid nitrogen. Alternatively, place the vials in a Nalgene 1°C freezing apparatus.xa0 Place the apparatus at -80°C for 1.5 to 2 hours and then plunge ampules into liquid nitrogen.xa0 (The cooling rate in this apparatus is approximately -1°C/min.) xa0
7. xa0Ampules are stored in either the vapor or liquid phase of a nitrogen refrigerator.
8. To establish a culture from the frozen state, place the vial in a 35°C water bath.xa0 Immerse the vial to a level just above the surface of the frozen material. Do not agitate the vial.xa0xa0 Immediately after thawing, do not leave in water bath, aseptically remove the contents of the ampule and inoculate into a T-25 tissue culture flask containing 10 ml ATCC medium 1525 bacterized with Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC^® 13048™) or Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae (ATCC^® 700831).
9. Incubate at 25°C with the cap screwed on tightly.
10. Once the culture is established, vigorously agitate the flask and aseptically transfer 0.5 ml to 10.0 ml of bacterized ATCC medium 1525.
11. Follow the protocol for maintenance of culture.

Fenchel T, Patterson DJ. Cafeteria roenbergensis nov. gen., nov. sp., a heterotrophic microflagellate from marine plankton. Mar. Microb. Food Webs 3: 9-19, 1988.